Extend the maintenance and maintenance of TIMKEN angular contact ball bearings

In order for TIMKEN bearings to be fully utilized and to maintain their proper performance for a long time, regular maintenance (regular inspection) must be performed.

Through proper periodic inspections, early detection of failures and prevention of accidents are important to improve productivity and economy.

1, cleaning

When the angular contact ball bearing is removed for inspection, the appearance record is first recorded by photography. Also, verify the amount of lubricant remaining and sample the lubricant before cleaning the bearings.

a. The cleaning of the bearing is carried out by rough washing and fine washing, and a metal mesh frame can be placed on the bottom of the used container.

b. When rough washing, remove the grease or adhesive with a brush or the like in the oil. At this time, if the TIMKEN bearing is rotated in the oil, be careful that the rolling surface will be damaged by foreign matter or the like.

c. When washing finely, slowly rotate the bearing in the oil and carry out it carefully.

The cleaning agent generally used is a neutral non-aqueous diesel oil or kerosene, and a warm alkali liquid or the like is sometimes used as needed. Regardless of which cleaning agent is used, it is often filtered and kept clean.

Immediately after cleaning, apply anti-rust oil or anti-rust grease to TIMKEN bearings.

2, inspection and judgment

In order to judge whether the removed angular contact ball bearings can be reused, it is important to check the dimensional accuracy, rotation accuracy, internal clearance, mating surfaces, raceway surfaces, cages and seals.

Regarding the inspection result, it can be judged by a person who is using a conventional bearing or a proficient bearing.

The criteria for judgment vary depending on mechanical properties and importance, inspection period, and the like. Bearings must not be reused if they are damaged and must be replaced.

1) Breakage and defects of bearing components.

2) Peeling of the rolling surface of the raceway surface.

After the bearings have been installed, alignment may result in additional loads, friction and vibration of the angular contact ball bearings if not carefully aligned. These can accelerate fatigue and reduce bearing life and can damage the life of other machine parts. In addition, increased vibration and friction can greatly increase energy consumption and risk of premature failure.
Precautions for preventing premature failure of TIMKEN deep groove ball bearings
Enlarge font Decrease font Publish date:2012-06-01 Views:106
TIMKEN bearing contact fatigue failure is the failure of the working surface of the bearing due to the alternating stress, and deep spalling is the intrinsic cause of contact fatigue failure.

We know that contact fatigue spalling occurs on the working surface of deep groove ball bearings, often accompanied by fatigue cracks, first generated from the maximum alternating shear stress below the contact surface, and then extended to the surface to form different spalling shapes, such as dots. Peeling or pitting, peeling off into small pieces called shallow peeling. Due to the gradual enlargement of the exfoliation surface, it tends to expand deeper and form deep exfoliation.

Wear failure refers to the failure of the relative sliding friction between the surfaces resulting in the continuous wear of the metal on the working surface.

Continued wear and tear will cause gradual damage to the bearing components and ultimately lead to loss of bearing dimensional accuracy and other related problems. Wear may affect the shape change. The increase of the clearance and the change of the surface of the working surface may affect the lubricant or cause the pollution to a certain extent, resulting in complete loss of the lubrication function, thus causing the bearing to lose the rotation precision or even the normal operation. Wear failure is one of the common failure modes of various types of bearings. It is usually classified into the most common abrasive wear and adhesive wear according to the form of wear.

The main cause of TIMKEN bearing fracture failure is the defect of TIMKEN bearing itself and the overload during use.

When the applied load exceeds the material strength limit and the part is broken, it is called overload fracture. The main reason for the overload is the sudden failure of the host or improper installation. Defects such as microcracks, shrinkage cavities, air bubbles, large foreign objects, overheated tissue and localized burns of the bearing parts also cause breakage at the defects during impact overload or severe vibration, called defect fracture. It should be pointed out that in the manufacturing process, in the process of re-inspection of raw materials, quality control of forging and heat treatment, and process control, the above defects can be correctly analyzed by instruments, and control must be strengthened in the future. However, in general, most of the deep groove ball bearing fracture failures are overload failure.

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Skeleton oil seal specification

       Structure and sealing principle of skeleton oil seal

       The skeleton oil seal is relatively simple and generally consists of three parts: an oil seal, a reinforcing skeleton and a self-tightening coil spring. The sealing body is further divided into a bottom portion, a waist portion, a cutting edge and a sealing lip according to different parts. Generally, the skeleton oil seal in the free state has a smaller inner diameter than the shaft diameter, that is, has a certain "interference". Therefore, after the oil is encapsulated in the oil seal seat and the shaft, the pressure of the oil seal edge and the contraction force of the self-tightening coil spring exert a certain radial tightening force on the shaft, and after a period of operation, the pressure will rapidly decrease or even disappear. Therefore, the spring can compensate the oil seal self-tightening force at any time.

       Sealing principle: This oil film has fluid lubrication properties due to the oil film controlled by the oil seal edge between the oil seal and the shaft. Under the action of the surface tension of the liquid, the stiffness of the oil film just forms a crescent surface at the contact end of the oil film and the air, preventing the leakage of the working medium, thereby achieving the sealing of the rotating shaft. The sealing ability of the oil seal depends on the thickness of the oil film on the sealing surface. If the thickness is too large, the oil seal leaks; if the thickness is too small, dry friction may occur, causing oil seal and shaft wear; if there is no oil film between the seal lip and the shaft, it is easy to cause heat and wear. .

       Therefore, when installing, it is necessary to apply some oil on the sealing ring, and at the same time ensure that the skeleton oil seal is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft. If it is not vertical, the sealing lip of the oil seal will drain the lubricating oil from the shaft, which will also lead to excessive sealing lips. abrasion. During operation, the lubricant in the casing slightly exudes a little to achieve a state in which an oil film is formed at the sealing surface.https://www.supplyforever.com/

What is the oil seal

       Oil seal is a mechanical component used to seal oil (oil is the most common liquid substance in the transmission system, also refers to the general liquid substance). It isolates the parts of the transmission parts that need to be lubricated from the output parts, so as not to let the lubrication Oil leaks. Seals for static and dynamic seals (generally reciprocating) are called seals. The representative form of the oil seal is the TC oil seal, which is a double-lip oil seal with a self-tightening spring completely covered by rubber. Generally speaking, the oil seal often refers to this tc skeleton oil seal.

       What material is the oil seal?

       The oil seal is made of rubber. The oil seal is mainly used in the joint parts of two lubricating parts to prevent oil leakage, such as crankshaft oil seal, semi-shaft oil seal, transmission shell oil seal and the like.

       What is the skeleton oil seal?

       The skeleton oil seal is a typical representative of the oil seal. Generally speaking, the oil seal refers to the skeleton oil seal. The function of the oil seal is generally to isolate the parts of the transmission parts that need to be lubricated from the output parts, so as not to let the lubricating oil leak. The skeleton acts like a reinforcing bar inside the concrete member, which acts to strengthen and maintain the shape and tension of the oil seal.

       According to the structure, the single lip skeleton oil seal and the double lip skeleton oil seal can be divided. The secondary lip of the double-headed skeleton oil seal acts as a dustproof to prevent dust and impurities from entering the inside of the machine. According to the skeleton type, it can be divided into an inner skeleton oil seal, an exposed skeleton oil seal and an assembled oil seal. According to working conditions, it can be divided into rotating skeleton oil seal and reciprocating skeleton oil seal. Used in gasoline engine crankshafts, diesel engine crankshafts, gearboxes, differentials, shock absorbers, engines, axles, etc.

       What is the general material of the skeleton oil seal?

       The general material of the skeleton oil seal is divided into: nitrile rubber (NBR), fluororubber (VITON), silica gel (SIL), nylon (PA), which are the most common materials, of course, PTFE Teflon oil seals, and Skeleton oil seals and more.

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Method for distinguishing the quality of INA stainless steel bearings

The proper selection of materials is still a factor that must be considered in the INA bearing failure analysis. The main task of bearing failure analysis is to find out the main factors causing the failure of stainless steel bearings based on a large amount of background materials, analysis data and failure modes, so as to propose improvement measures in a targeted manner, prolong the service life of bearings and avoid sudden occurrence of bearings. Early failure of sex. The installation condition is one of the primary factors in the use factor. The bearing is often changed due to improper installation, and the force state between the parts of the whole bearing changes, and the bearing runs in an abnormal state and fails early. According to the technical requirements of bearing installation, use, maintenance and maintenance, monitor and check the load, speed, working temperature, vibration, noise and lubrication conditions of the bearing in operation, find out the cause and immediately adjust the cause, make adjustment Back to normal.
1. Whether the outer packaging is clear: Under normal circumstances, the factory brand has its own special designer to design the outer packaging, and arrange the production facilities to produce and produce, so the packaging is very clear from line to color. unambiguous.
2. Whether the steel printing is clear: the brand name and label will be printed on the INA bearing body. The font is very small, but most of the products produced by the factory use the stamping technology, and the type is pressed before the heat treatment, so the font is small, but the recess is deep and very clear. The fonts of counterfeit products are not only blurred, but because of the rough printing technology, the fonts float on the surface, and some can even be easily erased by hand.
3. Is there any noise: hold the stainless steel bearing inner sleeve in the left hand, and turn the outer sleeve with your right hand to make it rotate to hear if it has noise. Due to the backward production conditions of most counterfeit products, it is completely hand-worked. In the production process, it is inevitable to incorporate impurities such as sand and sand into the INA bearing body, so it will make noise when rotating. This is the biggest difference between a factory brand that strictly enforces production standards and operates with machines.
4. Is there any turbid oil on the surface: this should be paid special attention when purchasing stainless steel bearings. Since the current domestic anti-rust technology is not particularly good at home, it is easy to leave a thick oil trace when the INA bearing body is rust-proofed, and it is sticky on the hand, and the foreign original bearing can hardly be seen. To the traces of anti-rust oil, it is a very careful expert who said that the bearing smells like a smell, it must be under the anti-rust oil, just can't see it.
5. Whether the chamfer is uniform: the so-called chamfer of the bearing, that is, the intersection of the horizontal surface and the vertical surface. The counterfeit bearing is unsatisfactory in the processing of these corners due to the limitation of production technology.

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Rolling bearings generally consist of four basic components

Core Tip: Rolling bearings generally consist of the following four basic components: inner ring, outer ring, cage and rolling element counter-center or centripetal thrust bearing (inner or outer ring can be collectively referred to as ferrule), shaft ring, seat ring
Rolling bearings generally consist of the following four basic components: inner ring, outer ring, cage and rolling elements - counter-center or centripetal thrust bearings (inner or outer ring can be collectively referred to as ferrules), shaft rings, races, Cage and rolling elements - for thrust or thrust radial bearings (shaft rings or races can be collectively referred to as washers). The rolling element is the basic structural feature of the rolling bearing. In order to save space, or to load more rolling elements, a few types of rolling bearings can be used without outer ring or inner ring, without inner or outer ring, or without cage. However, all rolling bearings must have rolling elements. Usually the inner ring or the shaft ring is mounted on the shaft, the outer ring or the seat ring is mounted in the bearing housing bore, and the rolling elements are assembled between the inner and outer rings or between the shaft and the race. The external load is transmitted to the outer ring or the race by the inner ring or the shaft ring through the rolling element, or is transmitted to the inner ring or the shaft ring by the outer ring or the seat ring, and the two sides are relatively rotated by the rolling elements. The cage is used to separate the rolling bodies to avoid mutual contact of the rolling bodies, since the relative speed at which the rolling bodies are in direct contact is approximately one time the rolling speed of the single rolling body, which can result in abrasion of the rolling bodies. The advantages and disadvantages of rolling bearings are mostly related to the existence of rolling elements. For example, rolling friction is used to form rolling friction. The static and dynamic friction coefficients are low, the transmission efficiency is high, the axial dimension is small, and on the other hand, the high secondary contact ("point") is also formed. Contact or "wire" contact) makes the quality of the rolling bearing less rigid, vibration, noise, etc. than some types of plain bearings, and the radial size is also large.

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Standard method and lubrication maintenance for installing NSK rolling bearings

Since the rolling bearings are rust-proofed and packaged, do not open the package until installation.

In addition, the anti-rust oil coated on the bearing has good lubricity. For general-purpose NSK bearings or grease-filled bearings, it can be used without cleaning. However, for instrument bearings or bearings for high-speed rotation, the cleaning oil should be washed with a clean cleaning oil. The bearing is prone to rust and cannot be placed for a long time.

Clean the bearing and the casing to confirm the burrs left by scratches or machining. There must be no abrasive (SiC, Al2O3, etc.) sand or chips in the outer casing.

Secondly, check whether the size, shape and processing quality of the shaft and the casing are in accordance with the drawings.

The method of installing the rolling bearing depends on the fit, condition and structure of the NSK bearing. Generally, since the shaft is mostly rotated, the inner ring needs an interference fit. Cylindrical bore bearings, press with multiple presses, or use hot charging methods. For taper holes, mount directly on the taper shaft or with a sleeve.

When installed in the outer casing, the general clearance fits a lot, and the outer ring has an interference amount, which is usually pressed by a press or a cold shrink fit method after cooling. When dry ice is used as the coolant and the shrinkage is installed, the moisture in the air will condense on the surface of the bearing. Therefore, appropriate rust prevention measures are required.

Mounting bearing: Whether the rolling bearing is installed accurately, affecting accuracy, life and function. Therefore, the bearing installation plan and the disassembly part are enriched. I hope I can install it according to my homework. The names of the homework scales are as follows:

(1) Clearing and bearing related components;

(2) Check the size and packing components related to the case;

(3) installation;

(4) Checking after bearing installation;

(5) A smoothing agent supplied.

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Judging the fault maintenance method of SKF self-aligning ball bearing in use

SKF bearings exhibit a strong regularity during their use and are very repeatable. Normal high-quality bearings (SKF bearings) have relatively small vibration and noise at the beginning of use, but the spectrum is somewhat scattered and the amplitude is small, which may be due to some defects in the manufacturing process, such as surface burrs.

After a period of motion, the vibration and noise are maintained at a certain level, and the spectrum is very single, only one or two times the frequency. There are very few spectrums above the power frequency, and the state of the self-aligning ball bearings is very stable and enters a stable working period.

After continuing to run, the vibration and noise of SKF bearings begin to increase, and sometimes abnormal sounds appear, but the change of vibration increases slowly. At this time, the bearing kurtness value suddenly reaches a certain value. We believe that SKF bearings are initially faulty at this time.

At this time, it is required to closely monitor the SKF bearing and pay close attention to its changes. After that, the bearing kurtosis value begins to drop rapidly and approaches the normal value, while the vibration and noise begin to increase significantly, and the increase rate begins to accelerate. When the vibration exceeds the vibration standard (such as ISO2372 standard), the bearing kurtosis value also begins. Rapid increase, when both exceed the vibration standard, and the kurtosis value also exceeds the normal value (the available kurtosis is relative to the standard), we believe that the self-aligning ball bearing has entered the late fault production, and it is necessary to repair the equipment in time and replace the SKF bearing.

SKF bearings exhibit late failure characteristics to serious failures (generally bearing damage such as axles, burns, sand cracks, raceways, bead wear, etc.) are not more than one week. The larger the equipment capacity, the faster the speed. The shorter the interval. Therefore, in the actual fault diagnosis of self-aligning ball bearings, once the late fault characteristics are found, the bearing should be judged decisively and the maintenance should be arranged as soon as possible.

The use factors mainly refer to whether the installation adjustment, use and maintenance, maintenance and repair, etc. meet the technical requirements. According to the technical requirements of SKF bearing installation, use, maintenance and maintenance, monitor and check the load, speed, working temperature, vibration, noise and lubrication conditions of the SKF bearing in operation, find the cause and immediately adjust the cause. Make it back to normal.

First of all, when the spindle bearing in the spindle is in operation, it is necessary to fully ensure the lubrication, and the lubricant is periodically added according to the actual use condition, and the oil cannot be cut off for a long time. Therefore, for the user company, a better and more suitable spindle lubricant should be used. The new special spindle oil can significantly improve the lubrication performance, extend the oil change interval, extend the service life of the spindle and the self-aligning ball bearing, and also has better anti-rust and anti-corrosion properties.

Secondly, the bearing with reinforced nylon material cage should be used at a temperature lower than 120 °C.

In addition, care should be taken when cleaning and cleaning the spindle to prevent damage and scratching the surface of the roller. To remove the residue of the SKF bearing part as much as possible, it is better to rinse and suck the inside of the ingot to clean the residual oil. Care should be taken to avoid the use of the dumping type to cause the accumulation of cleaning waste to remain in the bearing parts, resulting in problems such as noise and wear failure of the self-aligning ball bearings.

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IKO cam bearing lubrication technique to solve the raceway noise analysis

The source of the rolling sound is caused by the natural vibration of the ferrule after the load. Due to the elastic contact of the ferrule and the rolling body, a nonlinear vibration system is formed. When the lubrication or machining accuracy is not high, the natural vibration associated with this elastic characteristic is excited, and when it is transmitted to the air, it becomes noise. It is well known that even if IKO bearing parts are processed using the most advanced manufacturing techniques in the world, there will always be small geometric errors in the working surface, which will cause small fluctuations between the raceway and the rolling elements to excite the natural vibration of the vibration system.

First, the bearing drip lubrication method

Drip lubrication is suitable for bearing parts that need to be supplied quantitatively to the lubricating oil. It is advisable to drop a single drop every 3-8 seconds. Excessive oil quantity will cause the bearing temperature to increase.

Second, the oil bath lubrication method of cam bearings

Oil bath lubrication is the common lubrication method in most cam bearings and is suitable for lubrication of low and medium speed IKO bearings. A part of the bearing is immersed in the groove, the lubricating oil is brought up by the rotating bearing part, and then flows back to the oil groove oil surface should be slightly lower than the center of the lowest rolling element.

Third, the radiation lubrication of the bearing

    The low pressure oil is injected into the bearing through the nozzle by the oil pump, and the oil injected into the bearing flows into the oil groove through the other end of the bearing. When the bearing rotates at high speed, the rolling element and the cage also cause the surrounding air to flow at a relatively high rotational speed. It is difficult to send the lubricating oil to the bearing in a smooth manner. In this case, it is necessary to spray the smooth oil with low-pressure radiation. In the bearing, the position of the nozzle should be placed between the inner ring and the center of the cage.

Fourth, the bearing lubrication method

   The oil is pumped to the cam bearing component by an oil pump, and then filtered and cooled by the lubricating oil after the bearing. Because the circulating oil can take away a certain amount of heat and cool the IKO bearing, this method is used for bearing parts with higher rotational speed.

Five, bearing spray lubrication method

   The use of boring shrinking air is mixed with smooth oil through a sprayer to create an oil mist. In the radial bearing, the air flow can effectively cool the bearing and prevent the intrusion of impurities. This method is suitable for the smoothness of high speed and low temperature bearing components.

Although the bearing raceway noise is unavoidable, it is possible to use high-precision machining of the working surface of the part, the correct selection of the bearing and the precise use of the bearing to reduce noise and vibration.

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Reasons and maintenance methods affecting the service life of IKO self-aligning ball bearings

First of all, the bearing size is limited.

Self-aligning ball bearings usually have limited installation space. In most cases, it is based on mechanical design or other design limitations. The type and size of the IKO bearing is therefore based on the decision to choose the bearing diameter. Therefore, the main dimension tables of standard self-aligning ball bearings are sized according to international standards.

In many forms of standard bearing sizes, it is best to use standard self-aligning ball bearings in mechanical equipment design, size, and direction are constantly changing. Normally, the basic load rating is shown in the size of the table. However, axial load and radial load can also be an important factor in selecting an appropriate self-aligning ball bearing. IKO bearings usually have a high load capacity and are subject to large vibration and shock loads when the size is quite long.

Second, the speed of the bearing.

The allowable speed is determined based on factors such as the type, size, accuracy, cage, load, lubrication, and cooling method of the self-aligning ball bearing. The IKO bearing table lists the speeds allowed for the standard accuracy of lubricating oil bearings and grease. In general, deep groove ball bearings, self-aligning ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings are suitable for high speed applications.

Third, self-aligning ball bearing tolerances.

Self-aligning ball bearings are dimensionally accurate and rotationally accurate based on the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and JIS standards. High precision, high speed machinery, recommended for five years or more accurate self-aligning ball bearings, deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings or cylindrical roller bearings for high machine running accuracy. Rigid, elastically deformed when the contact pressure of the ball and roller races is adjusted. Some machines require less elastic deformation. There is a small elastic deformation than a ball bearing roller bearing.

Maintenance of IKO bearings must also master the following:

1. Regularly check the use status, pay attention to whether there is abnormal sound and partial sharp temperature rise in the observation part;

2. Regularly or quantitatively add lubricating oil or grease as required;

3, according to the use of the vehicle, at least once every six months to completely replace the lubricant, and carefully check;

4. Inspection method under maintenance condition: clean the kerosene or gasoline under disassembly, carefully observe whether there is sliding or creeping phenomenon on the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, whether there are flaking or pitting on the inner and outer raceway surfaces, whether the rolling elements and cages are Wear and deformation, etc., based on the comprehensive situation of IKO bearing inspection, to determine whether it can continue to use.

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NTN thrust ball bearing grease selection needs to pay attention to six factors

The choice of NTN thrust ball bearing grease is directly related to the stable operation of the equipment. In order to better play the best condition of NTN thrust ball bearing, the following are several important factors for selecting grease: mechanical type; NTN thrust ball bearing Type and size; working temperature; workload situation; speed range; working conditions, such as vibration and the direction of the main shaft is horizontal or vertical; cooling; sealing effect;

1, anti-rust performance

The grease used in NTN thrust ball bearings must have an anti-rust effect, and the anti-rust agent should preferably be insoluble in water. Grease should have good adhesion and form an oil film on the surface of the steel.

2, mechanical stability

Grease becomes soft during machining and causes leakage. During normal operation, the grease will be raked into the NTN thrust ball bearing by the NTN thrust ball bearing housing. If the mechanical stability of the grease is insufficient, during the operation, the structure of the soap of the grease will mechanically disintegrate, causing the grease to be destroyed, thereby losing the lubricating effect.

3, oil seal

Oil seal is a necessary barrier to protect NTN thrust ball bearings and lubricants from external contamination. During the operation of NTN thrust ball bearings, no matter whether debris or moisture can penetrate into NTN thrust ball bearings to prevent damage. Proper installation and maintenance is an important factor in maximizing the service life of NTN thrust ball bearings. At the same time, attention must be paid to the cleanliness of NTN thrust ball bearings, the correctness of NTN thrust ball bearing selection, and the selection of appropriate installation and maintenance tools. In addition, NTN thrust ball bearings must be protected from contaminants and moisture and ensure proper installation and lubrication. Therefore, the design of the NTN thrust ball bearing, the condition of the oil seal, the type of lubricant and the lubrication cycle, and even the special maintenance play the same and important role.

4, mixed grease

Never mix incompatible greases. If two incompatible greases are mixed, the consistency will usually become soft. Finally, the NTN thrust ball bearings may be damaged due to the easy loss of grease. If you don't know which type of grease was originally used in NTN thrust ball bearings, you must completely remove the old grease inside and outside the NTN thrust ball bearings before adding new grease.

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Correct use of TIMKEN cylindrical roller bearing grease

Proper use of grease must be aware of the movement of grease in TIMKEN cylindrical roller bearings. Guarantee the stability of the grease. The movement of the grease filled in the rolling bearing can be roughly divided into two stages with the rotation of the TIMKEN cylindrical roller bearing.

In general, the amount of grease in the TIMKEN cylindrical roller bearing always exceeds the actual amount of lubrication directly involved in the lubrication, on the frame and in the cavity of the bearing cover, and forms a contour on the periphery of the rolling element. . During this process, the bearing temperature rises rapidly due to the resistance of the excess grease. Although most of the excess grease is squeezed out at the beginning of the run, the grease that is squeezed into the raceway attachment may still be carried by the rolling element into the raceway. In the initial stage of bearing operation, most of the grease is squeezed out of the raceway very quickly (less than one minute), and the grease is accumulated in a small amount while being circulated with the TIMKEN cylindrical roller bearing rotating body. discharge. At this time, the bearing temperature will continue to rise until the excess grease is completely discharged. It can be called the grease's walking phase. According to the grease quality and filling amount in the bearing structure, this time may last for ten minutes. Even a few hours.

After the remaining grease is completely discharged, the remaining small amount of grease forms a thin layer of grease film on the mutual contact surface of the rolling element, the raceway and the cage, thereby entering the normal operation stage of the bearing. . At this time, the temperature gradually drops and reaches equilibrium. In other words, long-term lubrication is mainly borne by this layer of grease film. In addition, during the long-term operation of the bearing, the contour of the rolling element and the raceway and the grease on the cage are shrunk to separate a part of the base oil, and after flowing into the raceway, the lubrication is also supplemented. .

Different greases are different in the contours of TIMKEN cylindrical roller bearings. It is necessary to form a contour that is relatively straightforward. The running time is short. In the long-term operation, the bearing temperature is low and stable. This is a kind of It is an ideal grease, so it is especially important for the grease.

Some so-called eddy-flow greases are not easy to form contours, and even if they are contoured, they are easy to collapse. At this time, the excess grease repeatedly returned to the raceway is in a state of being strongly stirred for a long time, and the torque of the TIMKEN cylindrical roller bearing is large. The temperature is high and unbalanced, and noise may also be generated, and the grease is also prone to deterioration and loss.

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Correctly judge the running rules and faults of rolling bearings

Rolling bearings exhibit strong regularity during their use and are very repeatable. Normal high-quality bearings (rolling bearings) have relatively small vibration and noise at the beginning of use, but the spectrum is somewhat scattered and the amplitude is small, which may be due to some defects in the manufacturing process, such as surface burrs.

After a period of motion, the vibration and noise are maintained at a certain level, and the spectrum is very single, only one or two times the frequency. There are very few spectrums above the power frequency, and the bearing status is very stable and enters a stable working period.

After continuing to run, the vibration and noise of the rolling bearing begin to increase, and sometimes abnormal sounds appear, but the change of vibration increases slowly. At this time, the bearing kurtness value suddenly reaches a certain value. We believe that the rolling bearing is an initial failure at this time.

At this time, it is required to closely monitor the rolling bearing and pay close attention to the change. After that, the bearing kurtosis value begins to drop rapidly and approaches the normal value, while the vibration and noise begin to increase significantly, and the increase rate begins to accelerate. When the vibration exceeds the vibration standard (such as ISO2372 standard), the bearing kurtosis value also begins. Rapid increase, when both the vibration standard is exceeded, and the kurtosis value also exceeds the normal value (the available kurtosis is relative to the standard), we believe that the bearing has entered the late fault production, and it is necessary to repair the equipment in time and replace the rolling bearing.

Rolling bearings show late fault characteristics to serious faults (generally bearing damage such as axles, burns, sand cracks, raceways, bead wear, etc.) are not more than one week. The larger the equipment capacity, the faster the speed. The shorter the interval. Therefore, in the actual rolling bearing fault diagnosis, once the late fault characteristics are found, the bearing should be judged decisively and the maintenance should be arranged as soon as possible.

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FAG imported bearings anti-friction bearing maintenance and lubrication

Proper lubrication of anti-friction bearings in FAG bearings is critical to their successful operation. For ordinary or sleeve type bearings, there are different principles in different practices. In order for the party to maintain anti-friction bearings, these principles must be understood and applied.

After fully understanding these principles, you should have a key consideration. We quote from FAG Bearing Industries' "Guidelines for Improving Bearing Lubrication": "...the characteristics of the lubricant, especially the characteristics of the grease, cannot be determined solely on the basis of specifications." Specifications are only physically applicable to a product, and may include chemical descriptions. Practicality can best explain the problem, but the specifications are almost not related to the practical.

The anti-friction bearings in all FAG bearings basically contain two hardened steel rings, a plurality of hardened balls or rollers, and a separator or cage that separates the rollers or rollers. These types are divided into many categories in use. Some types, such as needle-like column bearings, may have no inner ring and the rollers move directly on the hardened shaft.

Types of anti-friction bearings in FAG bearings:

Anti-friction bearings are divided into two main types. They are ball bearings and roller bearings. At the same time, we also know that due to the different uses of the manufacturer and the bearing, many different types have evolved according to these basic structures.

Lubrication function:

Anti-friction lubricants have the following main functions

1. Lubricate the sliding contact between the retainer and the rest of the bearing.

2. Lubricate any contacts between the race and the roller that is not actually rolling.

3. Lubricate the sliding contact between the roller and the guide in the roller bearing.

4. Lubricate all the truly rolling contacts in the bearing.

5. Protect highly delicate surfaces from corrosion.

6. Assist the sealing cover to protect against foreign matter. Grease has a magnetic function.

7. Provide a means of conducting heat (cold).

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Lubrication of high temperature and high speed NSK bearings

The high-temperature thickener thickens the synthetic oil and adds multi-effect additives, which is a high-quality grease that maintains normal working conditions in a high temperature environment for a long time.

A high temperature tolerance and high-speed shear resistance make it comfortable in high temperature and high speed environments.

B Excellent high temperature resistance, lubricity, good colloidal stability and mechanical stability.

C uses a temperature range of -40 to 230 ° C and a short time of 250 ° C.

D is suitable for mechanical use where there is a requirement to reduce noise or the environment is extremely harsh, and it is also suitable for lubrication at high temperatures.

E is highly water-repellent, can withstand water rinsing, and maintains hardness over a wide temperature range. Excellent anti-oxidation performance, good anti-wear performance, resulting in extremely long service life and 5-10 times the service life of lithium base grease.

F is suitable for lubrication of precision NSK bearings, motor NSK bearings and miniature NSK bearings in high and low temperature environments.

G is suitable for lubrication of various high speed NSK bearings, high speed long life gyro motors, high speed grinders and other high speed instruments and mechanical NSK bearings.

H has a smooth structure, fine fibers and high cleanliness. It can suppress the abnormal sound of NSK bearings during operation and meet the long-term operation requirements of high-speed NSK bearings with DN values ​​above 500,000.

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Oil film FAG bearing oil characteristics

Among the accessories for FAG bearings, the FAG bearing oil is indispensable. It has a great effect on the protection and maintenance of FAG bearings! Good lubrication can make the use of FAG bearings smoother and greatly reduce wear. The lubrication characteristics of the rolling mill oil film FAG bearing determine that the oil film FAG bearing oil must meet its performance requirements to ensure the normal operation and continuous production of the rolling mill. Therefore, the oil film FAG bearing oil needs to have:

A good anti-wear and extreme pressure performance, when the oil is mixed with a small amount of water during operation, it can still form an oil film to maintain heavy load and anti-wear performance.

B. Good anti-wear, anti-rust and anti-foam properties, prevent corrosion of the lubrication system, block the oil circuit, cause wear and insufficient oil supply.

C superior demulsibility (ie water separation), can quickly separate the water in the oil in long-term use.

D good oxidation stability, cleanability and filterability. Smooth lubrication system and ensure normal lubrication

E Excellent viscosity-temperature performance (high viscosity index), when the FAG bearing temperature changes greatly, it can still achieve normal lubrication of each lubrication part.

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How to check the fault of SKF bearing during operation

1. First of all, according to the sound of SKF bearing rolling to identify and check

We can use a sounder to check the size and sound quality of the running SKF bearing rolling sound. Because SKF bearings emit abnormal sounds and irregular sounds even if they are slightly peeled off, they can be distinguished by the sounder, which can prevent them in advance.

2. Secondly, the vibration of the SKF bearing at work to identify the inspection

SKF bearing vibration is very sensitive to bearing damage. For example, peeling, indentation, rust, cracks, abrasion, etc. are reflected in the vibration measurement of SKF bearings. Therefore, the vibration can be measured by using a special SKF bearing vibration measuring device (frequency analyzer, etc.). It is not possible to deduce the specific circumstances of the anomaly. The measured values ​​vary depending on the conditions of use of the bearing or the mounting position of the sensor. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and compare the measured values ​​of each machine in advance to determine the judgment standard.

3. Finally, check according to the temperature of the SKF bearing

The temperature of the SKF bearing is generally estimated based on the temperature outside the SKF bearing. If the oil hole can directly measure the bearing outer ring temperature, it is more suitable.

Usually, the temperature of the SKF bearing rises slowly as the operation starts, and reaches a steady state after 1-2 hours. The normal temperature of SKF bearings varies with the heat capacity, heat dissipation, speed and load of the machine. If the lubrication and installation parts are suitable, the bearing temperature will rise sharply and abnormal temperature will occur. At this time, it is necessary to stop the operation and take necessary precautions. Based on a large amount of test data, Table 4-1 lists the average value of the outer ring temperature when the bearings are working in various machines for reference. Since the temperature is affected by lubrication, speed, load, and environment, the values ​​in the table only indicate the approximate temperature range. The thermal sensor can be used to monitor the working temperature of the bearing at any time, and automatically alarm the household when the temperature exceeds the specified value or stop the occurrence of the burning shaft accident.

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Common problems and countermeasures in the use of IKO bearings

Strong metal tone:

1. Abnormal load: choose the appropriate assembly clearance and preload

2, poor assembly: improve the machining accuracy of the shaft, improve the installation method

3. Insufficient lubricant: supplement or use suitable lubricant

Regular tone:

1. Foreign matter causes channel corrosion, indentation, and scratches: cleaning related parts, using clean grease

2, channel spalling: fatigue wear, replace IKO bearings

Irregular noise:

1. Intrusion of foreign matter: cleaning related parts, using clean grease

2, the clearance is too large: pay attention to match and choose the right clearance

3, steel ball scars: steel ball fatigue peeling or foreign body jam, replace IKO bearing

Abnormal temperature rise:

1. Too much lubricant: Reduce lubricant

2. Insufficient lubricant, or not suitable: increase lubricant or choose suitable lubricant

3, mating surface creep: IKO bearing outer diameter or inner diameter mating surface correction

4, the residual play is too small: mainly because the shaft interference is too large or the hole negative tolerance is too much

5, IKO bearing hole misalignment: misalignment caused early wear and tear of IKO bearing

The rotary vibration of the shaft is large:

1. Peeling: Fatigue peeling off, replacing IKO bearing

2, poor assembly: improve the machining accuracy of the shaft, improve the installation method

3, foreign matter intrusion: cleaning related parts, using clean grease

Lubricant leaks large discoloration:

1. Too much lubricant: reduce lubricant

2, foreign body invasion: cleaning related parts

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A simple and simple way to identify skf bearings

1. First look at the outer packaging box of SKF imported bearings. The general packaging box is white, blue and red. However, in the past two years, the products have flower boxes and the patterns are several SKF trademarks.

2. Look at the date of manufacture of the bearing. If the bearing is opened from the side, the box has the date and date of manufacture.

3. For bearings produced after 2000, there are barcodes on the boxes of SKF bearings.

4. Look at the bearing model. The bearing models have the suffix letters A, B, C, D, E, etc. These letters represent different years of production.

5. Pay attention to the SKF font on the trademark, S is the upper narrow and the lower width, and the left vertical drawing of K and F has pits.

6. Look at the stamp, SKF imported bearings on the model, the origin of the letters are pickled and laser processing two. It is smoother when touched by hand, and the font of the fake bearing is generally engraved.

7. Look at the place of origin, ball bearing origin: Malaysia, Italy, France, the United States (American bearings are generally only used in the United States); Short cylindrical bearing Origin: Germany; Angular contact bearing Origin: Austria; Spherical roller bearing Origin: Malaysia ( Generally small 2315, 2316, 2318), Sweden (large model), Germany (large model); needle bearing origin: Germany.

8. After the SKF imported bearings are opened, the large bearings are generally sealed plastic bags, and the small bearings are plastic wrapping paper. There is a layer of grease on the bearing, the true bearing looks bright, no rust and pitting.

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Detailed explanation: TIMKEN thrust ball bearing

Thrust ball bearings are introduced in a bondable construction because the device is easy because the seal and ball and cage assembly can leave the device. The two-way thrust ball bearing consists of a shaft collar, two bearing races, and two ball and cage thrust assemblies. Bearings can be combined because the device is easy. Each can leave the device. The bearing races as well as the ball and cage assemblies are identical to the one-way bearings.

The thrust ball bearing is a combined bearing, and the shaft ring and the seat ring can be combined with the components of the maintenance frame and the steel ball. The collar is a ferrule that cooperates with the shaft. The race is a ferrule that cooperates with the bore of the bearing housing and has a gap between the shaft. According to its construction, it is divided into one-way thrust ball and two-way thrust ball bearing.

One-way thrust ball bearings accept axial loads in one position, and two-way thrust ball bearings accept axial loads in two positions. They all make it impossible to accept radial loads. The one-way thrust ball bearing consists of a shaft collar, a bearing race, and a ball and cage thrust assembly.

The two-way thrust ball bearing is capable of accepting axial loads in two positions and is a two-way flow machine shaft. Such bearings must not accept any radial loads. The thrust ball bearing has a structure with a seat cushion. Since the device surface of the seat cushion is spherical, the bearing is in a self-aligning function, which can reduce the reaction of the device error. Thrust ball bearings are important for buses and machine tools.

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Analysis of Bearings in Mine Truck Application

In recent years, under the background of tight international energy supply, China has increased investment in new energy fields represented by wind energy, which has gradually increased the output of new energy. However, for a long time, China’s coal-based energy sources The structure will continue. Compared with underground coal mining, open-pit coal mining has high productivity, low accident rate, and easy equipment maintenance and other objective advantages. Whether at home or internationally, vigorous development of open pit mining is a major trend. Mine trucks, one of the important equipment necessary for open pit mining, will also have a bright future with the development of open pit mines.

The tapered roller bearings produced by TIMKEN Bearings have decades of application history in mining trucks and have accumulated considerable application experience. This article will briefly analyze the problems that should be paid attention to when using tapered roller bearings for mining trucks. It is hoped that it will help the majority of mine truck designers and users to better select and use bearings and improve the reliability of mining trucks.

In addition to the factors of system design matching and installation adjustment, there are three main factors that determine the performance of tapered roller bearings: 1) the material of the bearing 2) the roughness of the bearing raceway 3) the surface modification of the bearing raceway . Next, a detailed analysis of the factors that should be considered in these three aspects of bearing selection during mine truck conditions.

First, the material of the bearing

Two considerations are taken into account when considering the material of the bearing: the purity of the steel and the heat treatment process of the steel.

The time it takes for the bearing to run is its fatigue life. The occurrence of spalling is mainly due to the presence of non-metallic inclusions inside the bearing steel. When the bearing is working, non-metallic inclusions will cause stress concentration inside the steel, resulting in weak points. As the bearing runs day after day, these weak points gradually develop into fine cracks, which eventually cause the surface of the raceway to peel off. Therefore, the purity of the steel is critical to the bearing. The smaller the particle size of the inclusions inside the steel, the smaller the number of particles, the smaller the probability of crack occurrence and the higher the fatigue life of the bearing.

With the development of modern smelting technology, the bearing manufacturers of world-class brands have reached a very high level in the purity of bearing steel. In addition to bearing materials that meet ISO and ABMA standards, they also use materials that are cleaner than pure steel to improve the reliability of bearings under high loads. With the hub bearing application in a mining truck, the bearing carries a very high force. Taking the load of 200 tons as an example, the whole vehicle is about 350 tons after full load, and the force of the one-side rear wheel hub bearing reaches about 120 tons. Therefore, if a standard material bearing is selected, its size will be very large. In order to minimize the size of the hub and make the design more compact, bearings with high purity precision materials are often used in this position. Even so, the inner diameter of the bearing is about 500mm.

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